Python Numbers
Python Numbers
There are three numeric types in Python:
intfloatcomplex
Variables of numeric types are created when you assign a value to them:
Example
123
x = 1 # inty = 2.8 # floatz = 1j # complex
To verify the type of any object in Python, use the type() function:
Int
Int, or integer, is a whole number, positive or negative, without decimals, of unlimited length.
Example
Integers:
1234567
x = 1y = 35656222554887711z = -3255522 print(type(x))print(type(y))print(type(z))
Float
Float, or “floating point number” is a number, positive or negative, containing one or more decimals.
Example
Floats:
1234567
x = 1.10y = 1.0z = -35.59 print(type(x))print(type(y))print(type(z))
Float can also be scientific numbers with an “e” to indicate the power of 10.
Example
Floats:
1234567
x = 35e3y = 12E4z = -87.7e100 print(type(x))print(type(y))print(type(z))
Complex numbers are written with a “j” as the imaginary part:
Example
Complex:
1234567
x = 3+5jy = 5jz = -5j print(type(x))print(type(y))print(type(z))
Type Conversion
You can convert from one type to another with the int(), float(), and complex() methods:
Example
Convert from one type to another:
1234567891011121314151617181920
x = 1 # inty = 2.8 # floatz = 1j # complex #convert from int to float:a = float(x) #convert from float to int:b = int(y) #convert from int to complex:c = complex(x) print(a)print(b)print(c) print(type(a))print(type(b))print(type(c))
Note: You cannot convert complex numbers into another number type.
Random Number
Python does not have a random() function to make a random number, but Python has a built-in module called random that can be used to make random numbers:
Example
Import the random module, and display a random number between 1 and 9:
123
import random print(random.randrange(1, 10))
In our Random Module Reference you will learn more about the Random module.
